The Effects Of Pre Kindergarten Programs On Public Schools

Brain development is most rapid in the first five years of life. Educators, economists, business leaders, and politicians all agree that high-quality early learning programs are a key factor in improving a child’s educational and social development for many years to come. These stakeholders are aware that children need the appropriate intervention in order to make meaningful gains across a variety of domains and succeed successfully in their academic development and achievement. They are mindful that providing pre-kindergarten services to children who are at-risk for learning can have a positive effect on future endeavors both in short and long-term circumstances. A review of literature will be conducted in order to show the impact that pre-kindergarten programs affiliated with public schools in Pennsylvania. A history of pre-kindergarten programs and initiatives will be provided and explored. The significance of prekindergarten programs will be researched and landmark preschool programs and studies will be emphasized. In closing, a review of the research between prekindergarten and the benefits it affords in both short and long-term aspects will be provided. History of Pre-kindergarten Programs and Initiatives Landmark studies on effects of attendance in a pre-kindergarten program There are four major early childhood intervention programs that offer evidence that pre-kindergarten programs are effective. These programs began when theShow MoreRelatedThe Need For Universal All Day Pre Kindergarten1255 Words   |  6 PagesThe Need for Universal All Day Pre-Kindergarten in Texas Many Texans agree that high quality pre-k can no longer be considered a luxury for upper income families or a special program for the disadvantaged. Based on various studies conducted on children s brain development during these crucial years, pre-k has become just as necessary as kindergarten or first grade. Currently, nearly half of all kindergarten teachers report that their children have problems that hinder their success. ChildrenRead MoreEssay On Early Childhood Education1498 Words   |  6 Pages Early childhood educators teach students within pre-school programs, kindergarten programs and ultimately through the second grade. Educators influence our children in order to become fully prepared for the future generation. It has been stereotyped that these educators may teach simple topics; however, these particular concepts are the fundamentals toward a child’s emotional and academic growth. The use of social skills within a classroom environment potentially results in not only the students’Read MoreThe Role Of Funding Pre K Education And Why It Will Help Close Educational Achievement Gap1241 Words   |  5 Pagespassing the bill H.R.1041, which gives more funding to Pre-K education. It will discuss the importance of funding Pre-K education and why it will help close t he educational achievement gap. Throughout studying children in various settings significant research shows that young children’s early learning experiences have long term effects on them. research it has shown that young children’s earliest learning experiences can have powerful long-term effects on their learning and development. (Tavernise2012)Read MoreThe Truths About Preschool And Kindergarten1704 Words   |  7 Pages The Truths About Preschool And Kindergarten In America and How it is Benefiting Our Kids Introduction In my research essay I will be researching and talking about the early childhood education in America. In addition to that I will talk about the benefits it is having on our children from what I have learned from my sources, and how teachers of early education are being equipped to handle these classroomsRead MoreChild Rearing Practices By Margaretha Schurz1656 Words   |  7 PagesMargaretha Schurz, a German immigrant who studied under Froebel, reproduced the first American kindergarten in the United States in 1855, in her home (O’Conner, 1995). Mrs. Schurz encouraged other women to follow the curriculum which was not only based on child-rearing practices but centered on the whole-child, including their spiritual, physical, and moral development (Froebel, 1974). Thus the movement began because this new working-class woman wanting more for their toddlers than just daycareRead MoreSchool Wide Achievement Effects On Children1621 Words   |  7 Pag essort of early childhood education program, because that is the most critical time for your child and you want them to get a better start in school and life going forward. In this paper we look at multiple studies done regarding ECE programs. Some of them followed people onto adult while others just did to elementary school. This study was done by people at the University of Missouri. By doing this study they were trying to see how much school-wide achievement effects the relationship between early childhoodRead MoreEducational Budget Cuts: Denying Students the Opportunity for Potential1599 Words   |  7 Pageseducational and environmental protection program funding, the elimination of state jobs, and cuts in economic and community development. Also affected by the budget cut will be the Department of Public Welfare in Mental Health Services, where 1,500 jobs are going to be eliminated (Public Welfare Funding). However, the highest budget cuts will be in the area of public education, with K-12 and higher education funding being reduced by about 1.6 billion dollars. Each school district in the Commonwealth of PennsylvaniaRead MoreAspects Of Education Voucher Programs702 Words   |  3 Pagesof an overall government free market package introduction. This approach included fully subsidised, privately r un and unregulated voucher schools introduced within the system. These schools could ultimately compete with municipality-run public schools in all middle class and low-income metropolitan neighborhoods. Evidence on the outcomes of the voucher program indicated there was some significant social and economic issues resulting. Firstly, total spending on education (including parental contributions)Read MoreHow Much School Wide Achievement Effects The Relationship Between Early Childhood Education And Performance1368 Words   |  6 Pagessee how much school-wide achievement effects the relationship between early childhood education and performance in reading and math in fifth graders. The question they wanted to answer was, â€Å"Do ECE program participants have better achievement in fifth grade than others who were not in an ECE program?† They sampled children were first-time or repeat kindergarteners, kids who did not complete the first assessment in English, children who needed special education, and had moved schools recently. TheyRead MoreThe Role Of Schools In Early Childhood Education1022 Words   |  5 PagesThe role of schools in early childhood education is that they should present high quality free and universal education. Schools should be providing children with the opportunity to attend Pre-K as well as Kindergarten. According to Erlbaum (1983), â€Å"Children who attend preschool are less often retained in grade and placed in special education, and they more often graduate from high school.† Enrolling a child in a Pre-K program introduces children to the academic skills that are a necessity when transitioning

Fremont High School By Jonathan Kozol - 871 Words

Emmanuel Onwuka PROF. Nawrocki ENGL100-18 November 18, 2014 FREMONT HIGH SCHOOL BY JONATHAN KOZOL Schools lacking social utilities that are needed to promote the academic status of its students is an issue. Whether these benefits should be kept opened or closed is widely debated in most societies. The condition of such schools is an important issue because it determines the future of its students academically. Some issues facing schools include social, public and economic issues; this essay will consider arguments concerning the social, public and economical causes of this problem through the use of Jonathan Kozol s FREMONT HIGH SCHOOL, which was written to expose the poor conditions in Fremont high school and seek in the improvement of the school system. In his essay, Kozol identified Fremont high school as a public school that has over a thousand students enrolled but does not have a convenient environment suitable for learning. Some classes are taught in portables or storage rooms and they do not even have windows and th is is where the students are being taught. Students are given inadequate time to eat and rest for breaks before continuing with their classes and some students do not bother to eat. Rodents run freely in Fremont high. Hamburger buns have rat bite marks and rat droppings have been found around the school. At Fremont only one or two bathrooms are operational and there are fifteen bathrooms short that are required by theShow MoreRelatedFremont High School By Jonathan Kozol879 Words   |  4 Pageswriting Fremont High School by Jonathan Kozol he discusses the reality of urban schools and how they are unable to obtain the proper education. At Fremont High School children are not always able to eat during their lunch period, the proper education needed for college is not obtained, the school reflects institutional discrimination, and the building is overcrowded limiting course offerings for children. Kozol shares his experiences with students and teachers while visiting Fremont High SchoolRead MoreFremont High School Discussion Essay599 Words   |  3 Pagesgrateful. When I read Jonathan Kozols Fremont High School, this these feelings were even more reassured. Here in his writing, Kozol shares his experiences with students and teachers while visiting Fremont High School in Los Angeles, California. From the beginning, Kozol set the mood for the piece by describing the lackluster conditions of the buildings. He described the lack of sufficient classroom space by saying that nearly a third of all the classrooms in the school, were located in portablesRead MoreJonathan Kozol Outlook On South Central Los Angeles Schools989 Words   |  4 PagesJonathan Kozol Outlook on South Central Los Angeles Schools â€Å"Windowless and nasty classrooms, retarded courses, no air conditioning and can we talk bathrooms?† As citizens, the conflicts and the issues that our society deals with every day should bring awareness and a call to take action. For instance, Jonathan Kozol came up with a plan to bring consciousness to his readers by writing an article about the struggles of the Fremont High School students, in which problems such as overcrowded classroomsRead MoreThe Education of the Lower Class: A Perpetual Problem Essay1272 Words   |  6 Pagespeople who have something’† (697). Yet it appears to be opposite that those who are in this lower class realize the plight they suffer. As one student from Fremont High School noted, â€Å"‘The owners of the sewing factories need laborers. Correct†¦It’s not going be their own kids†¦ You’re ghetto,’ said Fortino unrelentingly to her. ‘So Sew!’†(Kozol 645). The student who kn ew that he was more than likely to be stuff in his place was willing to point out this fault of the system. This topic which more thanRead MoreJonathan Kozol’s Fremont High School Essay1044 Words   |  5 PagesJonathan Kozol’s Fremont High School Schools lacking social utilities that are needed to promote the academic status of its students is an issue. Whether these utilities should be kept opened or closed is widely debated in most communities.  The condition of such schools is an important issue because it determines the future of its students academically.  Some issues  facing schools include social, public and economical issues; this  essay will consider arguments concerning the social, public andRead MoreStudents Should Not Be Divided Based On Their Ability872 Words   |  4 PagesStudents are subjected to in-proper education; as well as, harsh and unhealthy environment at school. The educational system has failed to adequately provide the best quality education to the students. In turn, leaving both the students and parents with uncertainty of a prosperous education. If I were to change the education system I will begin with students of K-12 attending public schools; and the changes I would propose. In additio n, teachers need a different way of educating students; were theyRead MoreThe Inequality And Segregation Of The Public Educational System Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pagesthe obstacles that are faced in life. It has enabled community members to prosper both socially and economically. However, in America, a nation that is the world’s superpower, fails to provide proper and equal education to its children. Many public schools across America lack the proper funding, qualified teachers, and necessities. The people affected by these problems belong in low-income communities and are minorities. Many have taken their voices to shine light on this issue. Writers such as Michael

Violent Films and Links to Aggression Free Essays

Social psychology theorizes that prolonged exposure to television and films is having a very noticeable effect on the generations of people growing up in front of the television.   Conrad Kottak expresses this point with reference to the post-modern classroom: research conducted into American classrooms since the 1950’s has helped Kottak conclude that students who have grown up with the television and films have learned to duplicate the behaviours learned in front of the TV in other areas of their lives. Students in successive generations in the American classroom have begun to treat their classes and professors the same way they do their television, with none of the traditional sense of respect (Spradley and McCurdy 2000). We will write a custom essay sample on Violent Films and Links to Aggression or any similar topic only for you Order Now Studies of Japanese television show a similar story when it comes to the relationship between exposure to film and behaviour in society.   The television series Selfish Women portrays the lives of several successful business women in Japan; the title is meant as a reference to how such woman are perceived in real life. Van Esterik, Van Esterik and Miller believe that this television show has picked up on a small trend in non-traditional Japanese households and that after airing it has begun to influence a wider range of women and other viewers who are mimicking behaviours learned from the program (2001). In Social Psychology, the authors suggest that like the cases in Japan and the American classroom, violent films are having an impact on the behaviours of people all over the world (Brehn, Kassim and Fein 2005).   So is there a real correlation between exposure to violence on television and in films and aggression in people? Barker and Petley believe that this is indeed the case, and argue that it is very important for viewers, especially children, to understand that the story portrayed on film is simply fiction; when no real connection is made with real life they believe that viewers are far less likely to actually carry over the violence from a movie into their own lives (Barker and Petley 2001). In Ill Effects: The Media/Violence Debate (Ibid.) the text relates to the relationship between violence in all media forms and aggression in people.   With focus on film violence, what is the proof of such a correlation? Adolescence, a Sociological Approach explains it in terms of comprehensive study results. When compared with a control group of adults, another group of those who have viewed on average more violent television and movies were twice as likely to act in an aggression fashion when provoked (Sebald 1968). There is a very real connection between viewing violence on screen and acting it out in real life, and Sebald suggests that this is because an adult who is exposed to such media images will lose the natural inhibition to overcome violent tendencies.   In seeing these acts of violence on screen with little or no consequence, children grow to believe that this is how the real world perceives violence: as necessary, inconsequential and even ‘cool’. Social psychological theory like this penetrates other fields of study as well as sociology or psychology since people are increasingly concerned with the levels of violence found both in movies and out on the streets of the world. Researchers have worked to prove a link between the two but struggle when it comes to thinking of comprehensive solutions to the rising violence issues.   Does the solution simply lie in the removal of violent images from movies?   Garry (1993) doesn’t think it is as simple as this. The problem with trying to censor violent images on television and in films is that there is no controlling where the censorship ends.   What is to stop censors from targeting true images on news reports or documentaries, something that is already happening on some networks? Garry suggests that this is a superficial attitude, and while it might seem the easy solution to concerned citizens, researchers need to look deeper to find the real issues surrounding the spreading violence in society.   Garry points out how the Western value of free speech is always the first to be called into question when it comes to issues like violence, ethics and morality. While violence in movies does have an indisputable link to aggression in adults, people are forgetting that the people affected by these images negatively are not actually the ones who created it.   What societal issues led the writers and producers of violent films to express themselves in this way? Researchers like Garry wonder if it is due to an early oppression of character in the previous generations and in fact nothing primarily to do with film at all.   If you delve further into the societal issues like oppression, child abuse, broken families, poverty and poor education, it is possible that these are the real causes of violence in film, and subsequently, higher instances of violence and aggression in individuals who are exposed to these media images. While statistics do correlate aggression to violence in film, these studies are merely scratching the surface of the entire problem. References Barker, M, and Petley, J (eds.), 2001, Ill Effects: The Media/Violence Debate, Routledge, New York. Brehm, S, Kassin, S fein, S, 2005, Social Psychology, Houghton Mifflin. Garry, Patrick, 1993, An American Paradox: Censorship in a Nation of Free Speech, Praeger Publishers, Westport, CT. Miller, B; Van Esterik, P; Van Esterik, J 2001, Cultural Anthropology, Canadian Edition, Allyn and Bacon, Toronto. Sebald, Hans, Adolescence: A Sociological Analysis, 1968,   Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York. How to cite Violent Films and Links to Aggression, Papers

Jazz Age free essay sample

Jazz Age, also known as the roaring twenties, came about. The Jazz Age occurred when the economy of America was in its prime, before the tragedy of the Stock Market Crash and Great Depression. The Jazz Age brought forth gallants female suffrage leaders, writers, and musicians, each Influencing a different class of people In society. Jazz was created In the twentieth century by a group of African American musicians from New Orleans (Teach). They took the rhythms and melodies of their ancestors and westernizes them to form what we now call Jazz (Teach).These alienated men then moved to Chicago and other American cities sharing their newfound music with the people (Teach). Around the time jazz was created, racism was very prominent, but as Carols Weatherboard said, Racism ripped America at the seams, and Jazz stitched the nation together one song at a time (Faberge). Jazz had many generations that progressed from swing, bebop, cool Jazz and hard bop, to fusion (Burner). The high-spirited attitude and hedonism simply could not find a place amid the economic hardships of the sass. Prohibition was the political forbearance of producing, transporting and selling alcoholic beverages. The Eighteenth Amendment was imposed in 1917 and was abolished in 1933. It was known as the National Prohibition Act. This act was enforced by the government assuming that it would help reduce criminal actions like homicide, assault and battery. Furthermore they hoped to reduce poverty and to improve economy and the quality of life.The Great Migration refers to the widespread migration of African Americans in he 20th century from rural communities in the South to large cities in the North and West. At the turn of the 20th century, the vast majority of black Americans lived in the Southern states. From 1916 to 1970, during this Great Migration, it is estimated that some 6 million black Southerners relocated to urban areas in the North and West. African Americans moved north to escape the rural poverty and racial prejudice of the Jim Crow South, and to find better work opportunities in northern industrial cities like Chicago, Detroit and New York City.